![]() Impacting systems have been extensively studied theoretically both considering rigid and soft constraints. Another illustration of a practical relevance of impacts is the behaviour of mooring lines which are repeatedly slacken and then tighten again under wave forcing, and a small floating structure moored to a large one can unexpectedly modify the motion of the whole system. For example, in rotor dynamics, effects of bearing clearances are very important, and they were investigated using Jeffcott rotor model where the interactions between a mass imbalanced rotor and a snubber ring without preloading of the snubber ring and with a preloading were considered, and different impacting scenarios depending on the regimes of operation of the rotor were described. In some cases, impacts are imperative part of the system operation, but they also may result from ageing of parts, thermal deformation or design tolerances. Impacts appear in a wide range of real systems, and understanding of these nonlinear phenomena is essential for further improvement in machine design and drilling processes amongst others.
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